Sectional boiler



E. 0. HASKINS.

SECTIONAL BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED IuLv I8. 1911.

1,391,381 PatentedSept. 20, 1921.

I w/mfssfs By f l Z; AITUIINEYS UNITED sTAT ES l HASKINS, OF RUTHERFORD, NRWV JERSEY, Ass'IGNORTo RICHHOND RADIATOR COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

ELRERT o.

vPATl-:NT OFFICE.

' sEoTIONAI. BOILRR.

To @ZZ whom if may concern:

Be it known that I, Ennirr HAsKINs, a citizen of theUnited States, and resident of'utherford, in the county of Bergen and` Stateof New Jersey, have invented certain newv and useful Improvements'in Sectional Boilers, of which they following is a specilication. 1

My 'invention relates in general vto a sectional boiler particularly of the round type used Afor supplying steam or hotwater for house heating systems.

)ne of the objects of my inventionis tol provide a simple `form of boilerof the class described, which will attain high eliliciency an'dinV which there willbe a relatively small amount of resulting ash.' One means by which this object is attained is to provide the furnace with a magazine fuel feed so designed that the air supply for supporting the combustion isV caused to pass progressively from'the coldest to the hottest portions of the burning zonev of'solid fuel and is then passed directly into a gas-combustion chamber designed to completely oxidiz'e the hydro-carbonaceousV fuel matter f generated by the burning of the solid fuel.

Another' obj ect of the invention is to pro.

vide such a device with water containing spaces so disposed as to extract the greatest possible amount of heat from the combus# tion zones and at the same time disposed so as.k to have theirl minimum cooling effect uponA the combustion taking placeinv thezones'.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an attachment constructed to con-` stitute a separatearticle'of manufacture and designed to be assembledwith certain conventional formsof uprightfboilers in such a manner so as to convert suchboilers-intoa device of the class'described;

[Various other objects and. advantages of the invention will be in partobvious from an inspection of'the 'accompanying drawings and inpart will be more fully set forthl in the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention also Vconsists. in certain new and novelnfeaturesof construction and combination ofV parts hereinafter.

set forth and claimed. i

Referring to the accompanying drawings:

Figure l is a perspective view of a pre-l ferred embodimentbf my invention with parts broken away, and

cation to similar parts as the art will -per- `Specmation of Letters Patent. I atented Sept, 2(7), 19.2.1,

Application mea Jury 1s', 1917. serial No. 181,190.'A Y V '1 Fig'. 2is a ysimilar view of theattachment designed to be y.added to a conventional boiler to constitute the combustion chamber of the reconstructed device shown inFig. l.

7 I n the following description and inthe claims, parts will be identified by specific names for convenience of expression but they are intended toV be as .generic in their applimit. f V- f y In the drawings there is shown an ash-pit section 3 provided with a grate fupon which section is lmounted the hollow wall lire-pot or. box section 5, whichfforms arelatively deepV fire pot. The ash-pit section is provided with the usual 'slide opening 3*' tov permit some air to pass through the grate especially when firstV iring-thefuel, but' it is to be understood that no dependency is placed upon the supply of air Vpassingr through the grate to maintaincombustion. There is also shown in the drawing an fin-i termediate Water section 6, illustrative of several such vsections usually assembled vin devices of large. capacity,fand'a dome section 7. These sections are designed to fit one upon the otherto for-ma built up VVVunit as is usual in one welleknown "form'of sectional boilersh I l A' The attachment shown in `Fig. 2 has its upper portion disposed! between the water section 6 and the fire box Section5 tocon- Vstitute an additional watersection.v -This attachment is funnel shaped with an upper band section 8 adapted to overlap the' top of Vthey section 5.and with its outer side conthe attachment depends 'inwardly from the 10o band 8 toward the center of the upper por- .tion ofy the sectionl 5 andleads into a cylin drical-wall 13 which depends centrally-with'-V in the section 5 to a position adjacent to and 'spaced above the grate.' The wall l13 is1`05 spacedl from the inner wallof the section 5 so as to form an annularcoal'chamber 14 i therebetween. The attachment is hollow to" provide algas/combustion chamber/l5 having its lowerend'ldopening into the fire 110 Y thus far described in' connection 'withthe space adjacent the grate and having its upper end 17 discharging through apertures 18 in the-water section' 6. In order to prevent a too rapid supply of air through the grate directly into the chamber 15 the portion 4 of the grate directly below the end 16 is partly closed. l The apertures 18 open into the centrally disposed discharge conduit 19 leading out of the boiler as is usual with devices of this character. The device as attachment isl complete but under some conditions of use it is desired to introduce air directlyinto the chamber 15 so as to insure a sufficient supply of air to support the com plete combustion of the gases therein. For

' this purpose the drawing is-shown to contain an auxiliary air supply pipe 19:L leading from the outside directly into the lower end 16 of the gas combustion chamber. 'Further thelowerend of the wall 13 is shown to 'be slotted to, provide passageway 19b to rpermit the passage of some `of the air and gases generatedin the fire boX directly into the.' combustion chamber without having to pass down to the bottomgof the'wall 13, but it is to be understood that no dependency is placed upon these passageways to supply Y 5 by means of a fiat pan 26 spaced from the the openings 22.

Theflower -edge of the shell 20 is spaced from the.'V portion of the attachment so as to provide a circular inlet 25 opening from kthe magazine into the upper portion ofthe` fuel space 141. The shell is supported in spaced relation from the top 9 of the section bottoni portion of the shell so as to provide sageway'27 isV controlled by flap dampers 28.

an air passageway or wind belt 27 leadingv into the chamber 14 just'belowv the fuel en: trance 25.. The admissionof air to the pas- It is `understood that the fire boxsection 5 `andthe attachment are double walled to provide water containing chambers 29. in fluid communication throughl the water tight con-V nectionsprovided bythe push nipples 10a.

Y Similarly the water chamber "of the attachment is in fluid communication with they water chamber `30 of the water section 6.- In

order to facilitate. the movement of the water f in thechamber 29 yof the attachment a ;by-

lpass tube 30 connects the lupper with the...

'lower portion of this chamber.

the fuel Y chamber 1li-is inclosedfwithin the water By this construction the coal in walled section 5 and Vsurrounds the' water walled pipe 13 so that thewateris broughtY close 4to the'burning coals but lnot in such masses as would tend to cool the coals. The draft is regulated normally byopening one or more of the dampers 28 asV desired. When .an 'additional draft is desired theslide 3` has little if anysolid fuel therein.l vIn this respect the 'device is agas generator. The preheated air4 combines with the free gaseous hydrocarbon fuel present in the chamber and there results a complete cmbustionfof the fuel before the products are finally passed out'through the discharge conduit 19. vThe under surface of'lthe .water sectiony 6 constitutes a reflecting dome toV obstruct the free passage of the combustible products out of the Acombustionchamber 15 and thus tendsl to insure a complete combustion in the chamber. Thel highest temperature is present in the upper portion of the combustionv chamber, and it-i's at this place where' the greatest. heat disengagingfsurface for the water is exposed to the-chamber.

By means ofVV a device of this character even soft coal' can'be used without generat-V ing kany material amount of smoke. coalisentirely consumed without Vthe use of any artificialV draft creating means, thus economizing in fuel consumed even in the small household furnace herein disclosed.

vAs the combustible products are first turned into agas and this gas burned the device has all ofthe advantages of a gas burner land `further the gas .combustion zone' is protected by the surrounding gas'gener'at` Y ing zone,thus tending .to conserve the intense heat produced in the gas chamber.

The device needs but little attention after the fuell magazine Vis lledforthe device acts as a self feeder gradually loweringfuel into the fireboX as the ashes drop down throughthev grate. n Y f While I have shown Vand described, and have pointed outin the annexed claims, cer- The 1 tain novel features of my invention, it will .v be understood Vthatzvariousomissions, subkstitutions and changes in theform and details of the `device illustrated and in itsop- Aeration may bemade by those skilled 'inV the art without departing fromlthe spirit Vof.v

end above Vthe grate, .the space between'the lower' open end of the chamber andthe fire boxsection adapted to contain the fuelf'and means for admltting air to the top ofthe contain the fuel, and means for admitting A air to the top ofsaid space, the upper en of said chamber being open and-adapted to constitute the discharge endVfor the products of 'combustion in said chamber, means positioned between the grate/,and the lower open end of the chamber for preventing a too rapid supply of air through the grate directly into the chamber.

3. In a sectional boiler, the combination with a hollow fire box section ladapted to inclose a bed of burning coals and containing' a continuous' wall of water Vand a grate, of`

a gas eombustionehamber disposed entirely within said tire box section and havingan open lower end, the space between-the open end of the chamber vand the fire box section adapted to contain the bed of burning coals, manually controlled, means for admitting air to' the upper part of'said space, and a. magazine opening down into said space adjacent said manually actuated air controlling means. l

4. In a sectional boiler, the combination with an ash pit section fire box section, a water section and a dome section superposed in order, of a gas combustion chamber section supported on said fire box section and l provided with an extension depending into the fire box section and terminating above the ash pit section and spaced from to form a fire space means for supplying vcombustion supporting air to the top of the fuel in the fire-box section.

5. In a sectional boiler, the combination with an ash pitsection normally closed to the admission of combustion supporting air and provided with a grate, a fire box section disposed thereon, of a gas combustion chamber section supported fromthe fire box section and providedvwithan extension depend' ing centrally into the lire box section to form an annular coal chamber between the fire pot section and the extension, said chamber having a lower open end positioned above the grate and adapted to receive the gaseous fuel generated by the burning coals in the fire box section, the space between the lower open end of the chamber and the grate constituting a tire space constantly open to the annular coal chamber, `means for supplying Y combustion supporting air to the top of the vfuel in the fire-box section.

G. In a sectional boiler, the combination with 'a lire box section, a water section and a' dome section superposedin order, of a combustion chamber section supported by `said fire box section and provided with an extension depending into the fire box section and spaced therefrom to form a lire space, means for lsupplying fuel tothe 'top of said space,

a Amagazine' section surrounding saidL water Vsection andsaid dome sectionl andY opening into Said fire space, said magazine section rvprovided with a fuel supplying opening and va door-for closing said opening to prevent the combustion level of the fuel from rais-- ingV up Vinto the magazine.

7 In a sectional' boiler, the combination with a fire box section, a water section and a dome section superposed inv order, of a combustion ychamber section supported by said fire box section and provided with an extension depending into the fire box section andl spaced therefrom Vto form a fire spiace, means for vsupplying. fuel to the top of said space, armagazine section surrounding said water section and said' dome section and opening into vs aid fire space, said magazine section provided with a fuel supplying opening', a door for closing said opening and for preventing air from circulating through said magazine,'an d a draft 'door' positioned below said magazine for regulating/the air suppliedl to said'firespace';

8. In a down draft boiler, the combination of a fire box provided with a burning grate, a combustion chainV fuel supporting ber disposed in said lire box and having an open end positioned above the grate adapt-` ed to receive gas from the fire box the portion of the grate below the open end'of the combustion'ehamber being partly closed, an air intake spaced above said grate and above the fire box and entirely surrounding thev top of the fire box, and means for directing `the air'down through said fire box and up through said combustion chamber.

9. An article of manufacture comprising a section` of a sectional boiler and including a'flatband Vprovided with means for'supporting the same in place horizontally in va boiler and including a hollow depending extension from the band constituting a gas combustion chamber, said band and exten# sion being double rwalled to provide a water containing chamber inclosing the gas combustion chamber, said article provided with a supporting means constituting a conduit adapted to place saidwater containing chamber in fluid communication with a 'lower section. e v

l0. In a device ofthe class described, thek combination of a lire box section, including a completely closed cylindrical wall, an attachment supported from said fire boxsection Yconstituting a gaseous fuel combustion chamber and having ,a portion depending into and spaced from said fire box section to form a solid fue] combustion chamber, a

a shell surrounding said ywater section and coacting therewith to form a fuel magazine,

said magazine openingrinto the space between the fire box section and the depending portion of said attachment and means above said: closed wall for admitting combustionsupporting-air to the upper portion of said s ace.

p11. In a device of the class described, the combination of a fire box section, anattachment supported from said fire box' section and having a portion depending into and spaced'from said fire box section, a water section disposedon said attachment, a shell Surrounding said. water section and coacting therewithto form a fuel magazine, said magazine opening downwardly-into the space between the fire box section and the depending portion of said attachment, an

v inlet for the airV positioned between the lire boxsection and the magazine,.said shell pro-` vided with a fuel supply opening and means v combination of an upstanding cylindricalV for closing said open1ng to prevent air passing therethrough.

12. In a device of the class described, the

lire box section opened at top and bottom and otherwise closed, an attachment sup-V ported from said fire box section and having icombustion-supporting-air .into t a portion dependinginto andspaced. from said fire box section to; form along annu-p lar solid fuel' combustion chamber, a .water section disposed on said attachment, a shell surrounding said water section, and coactingV therewith to vform 3a,- fuel magazine, said magazine opening into thespace between the.

fire Vbox section and the depending portion tuting an air passageway,forconducting the Y' portion ofy said fire box section.

13. In a furnace, 'the combination witha fire box Vprovided withia fuel support adapted to contain a. bed of burning lfuel, means he upper positioned above the` bed for supplying. coinbustion-supporting-air thereto, of a hollow. member', extending below thelevel of the.

fire bed, having a lower open end'positioned above the support and adapted to receive the products of combustion from saidffire'bed, said fire bed adapted to V'permit the accumulation of ashes in the lower part thereof and thus prevent the passage of combustion supporting air directly fintothe hollow member.

,Signed at I n New Yorktand State of New York.

New York citvin the county of ,if ELBERT or."HsKINs; f 

